AST Surgical Technologist Practice Exam

In addition to temperature, time, and moisture, what is the fourth factor that determines the outcome of steam sterilization?

1. Volume

2. Pressure

3. Conduction

4. Material type

The correct answer is: Pressure

In steam sterilization, the fourth factor that plays a critical role, alongside temperature, time, and moisture, is pressure. The effectiveness of steam sterilization relies on the ability of steam to penetrate the items being sterilized, which is heavily influenced by pressure. Increased pressure raises the boiling point of water, allowing the steam to reach higher temperatures, thereby enhancing its ability to kill microorganisms. This relationship is crucial because it ensures that the steam can maintain an effective sterilizing temperature for the required duration, ensuring that all potential pathogens are eradicated. The balanced interaction between these four factors ultimately determines whether the sterilization process will be successful or not, making pressure a key component in achieving effective sterilization.